Malicious spreading of false information in written form is referred to as what?

The term that specifically refers to the malicious spreading of false information in written form is libel. Libel is a type of defamation that occurs when false statements are made in a permanent medium, such as writing, that damage an individual’s reputation. This contrasts with slander, which pertains to spoken false statements.

Defamation, as a broader term, encompasses both slander and libel, but the question specifically asks about written information, making libel the appropriate term. Fraud generally involves deception that is intended to secure unfair or unlawful gain, which is not limited to defaming an individual’s character. Therefore, the correct answer accurately identifies the nature of written defamatory statements.